# A Case of Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome in a Patient With Acute-Onset Symptoms Managed Conservatively

## TL;DR

A 31-year-old man with no chronic health issues experienced sudden SMA syndrome symptoms and was successfully treated without surgery.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the rare acute presentation of SMA syndrome in a healthy young adult.

## Key findings

- SMA syndrome can present acutely in otherwise healthy individuals.
- Conservative treatment can be effective for acute SMA syndrome.
- Early recognition of SMA syndrome may avoid the need for surgery.

## Abstract

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare aetiology of duodenal obstruction, typically presenting with chronic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss. The syndrome results from a decreased angle between the SMA and the abdominal aorta, which compresses the third portion of the duodenum and obstructs the duodenal lumen. This report describes a 31-year-old male who presented with acute-onset vomiting and epigastric pain and was diagnosed with SMA syndrome. Although SMA syndrome classically presents with chronic symptoms, this case demonstrates an acute presentation in an otherwise healthy young adult. This case highlights the necessity of including SMA syndrome in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal symptoms, even in patients without a chronic history, as early recognition and conservative treatment may prevent surgical procedures.