# Prediction Method for Fault-Induced Frequency Response Characteristics in Wind-Integrated Power Systems Using Wide-Area Measurement Data

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method to analyze frequency stability in wind-integrated power grids after faults, using wide-area measurements and wind variability.

## Contribution

The novel method linearizes AC components and uses small-signal analysis with adaptive parameter adjustment for wind turbines under varying wind conditions.

## Key findings

- The method effectively captures region-specific frequency response characteristics using WAMS data.
- Simulations on an IEEE 39-node system confirm the method's superiority in handling fault transients and wind variability.
- Adaptive parameter adjustment improves reliability through information entropy-based quantification.

## Abstract

The decoupling properties and low-inertia characteristics of large-scale wind power have heightened concerns regarding power grid frequency stability, particularly as modern power systems impose stringent frequency regulation requirements on wind integration, leading to an increased complexity of frequency response characteristics under fault conditions. To address this challenge in high-wind-penetration grids, this paper proposes a post-fault frequency dynamics analysis method capable of concurrently accommodating multi-wind-speed scenarios through three key innovations: the linearization of traditional AC system components (including network equations, composite load models, and generator prime mover-governor systems) to establish nodal power increment equations; the development of wind turbine frequency regulation models under diverse wind conditions using small-signal analysis, incorporating regional operational disparities and refined by information entropy-based reliability quantification for adaptive parameter adjustment; and the derivation of the system state equation for post-fault frequency response using wide-area measurement system (WAMS) data, yielding an analytical model that captures region-specific regulation characteristic disparities for physically faithful frequency analysis. Validation via tailored IEEE 39-node simulations convincingly demonstrates the method’s effectiveness and superiority in handling fault-induced transients and wind variability.