# Extended Roles in Healthcare Delivery: What Is the Role of the Laboratory in Addressing Ethnicity-Related Healthcare Disparities?

**Authors:** Aman Kaur More, Nathan Lorde, Tejas Kalaria, Rousseau Gama

PMC · DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15222919 · Diagnostics · 2025-11-19

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** AMY1A (amylase alpha 1A) [NCBI Gene 276] {aka AMY1}, AR (androgen receptor) [NCBI Gene 367] {aka AIS, AR8, DHTR, HPCX3, HUMARA, HYSP1}, CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) [NCBI Gene 1071] {aka BPIFF, HDLCQ10}, DIO2 (iodothyronine deiodinase 2) [NCBI Gene 1734] {aka 5DII, D2, DIOII, SELENOY, SelY, TXDI2}, DUOX2 (dual oxidase 2) [NCBI Gene 50506] {aka LNOX2, NOXEF2, P138-TOX, TDH6, THOX2}, PNPLA3 (patatin like domain 3, 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase) [NCBI Gene 80339] {aka ADPN, C22orf20, iPLA(2)epsilon}, NPPB (natriuretic peptide B) [NCBI Gene 4879] {aka BNP, Iso-ANP}, APOC3 (apolipoprotein C3) [NCBI Gene 345] {aka APOCIII, Apo-C3, ApoC-3}, FN3K (fructosamine 3 kinase) [NCBI Gene 64122], DIO1 (iodothyronine deiodinase 1) [NCBI Gene 1733] {aka 5DI, THMA2, TXDI1}, ALB (albumin) [NCBI Gene 213] {aka FDAHT, HSA, PRO0883, PRO0903, PRO1341}, SLC17A5 (solute carrier family 17 member 5) [NCBI Gene 26503] {aka AST, ISSD, NSD, SD, SIALIN, SIASD}, TF (transferrin) [NCBI Gene 7018] {aka HEL-S-71p, PRO1557, PRO2086, TFQTL1}, GC (GC vitamin D binding protein) [NCBI Gene 2638] {aka DBP, DBP-maf, DBP/GC, GRD3, Gc-MAF, GcMAF}, APOA1 (apolipoprotein A1) [NCBI Gene 335] {aka AMYLD3, HPALP2, apo(a)}, APOA5 (apolipoprotein A5) [NCBI Gene 116519] {aka APOAV, RAP3}, MME (membrane metalloendopeptidase) [NCBI Gene 4311] {aka CALLA, CD10, CMT2T, NEP, SCA43, SFE}, ACKR1 (atypical chemokine receptor 1 (Duffy blood group)) [NCBI Gene 2532] {aka CCBP1, CD234, DARC, DARC/ACKR1, Dfy, FY}, CYP3A4 (cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4) [NCBI Gene 1576] {aka CP33, CP34, CYP3A, CYP3A3, CYPIIIA3, CYPIIIA4}, NPPA (natriuretic peptide A) [NCBI Gene 4878] {aka ANF, ANP, ATFB6, ATRST2, CDD, CDD-ANF}
- **Diseases:** hepatitis C (MESH:D019698), anxiety (MESH:D001007), alpha -thalassaemia (MESH:D000795), fractures (MESH:D050723), injury to (MESH:D014947), Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MESH:D008107), inflammation (MESH:D007249), iron deficiency (MESH:D000090463), obesity (MESH:D009765), osteopenia (MESH:D001851), insulin resistance (MESH:D007333), COVID-19 (MESH:D000086382), infection (MESH:D007239), hypertension (MESH:D006973), benign neutropenia (MESH:D009503), chronic diseases (MESH:D002908), natriuretic handicap":higher (MESH:D009422), type 1 diabetes (MESH:D003922), alpha-thalassemia (MESH:D017085), heart failure (MESH:D006333), adiposity (MESH:D018205), thyroid autoimmunity (MESH:D013967)
- **Chemicals:** Vitamin D (MESH:D014807), blood glucose (MESH:D001786), iron (MESH:D007501), testosterone (MESH:D013739), starch (MESH:D013213), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (MESH:C104450), D (MESH:D003903), Creatinine (MESH:D003404), magnesium (MESH:D008274), alcohol (MESH:D000438), iodine (MESH:D007455), melanin (MESH:D008543), lipid (MESH:D008055)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]
- **Mutations:** rs2814778

## Full text

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## References

95 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12651465/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12651465