# Revealing Hidden Cognitive Language Patterns in Brain Injury: Can Modifiers and Function Words Play a Role in Neuroplasticity?

## TL;DR

This paper explores how modifiers and function words in language can reveal cognitive patterns in traumatic brain injury, offering new insights for rehabilitation.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel framework using language attributes to detect hidden cognitive impairments in traumatic brain injury.

## Key findings

- The proposed method identified informative patterns in modifiers and function words overlooked by baseline approaches.
- Results showed consistent behavior in language alterations associated with traumatic brain injury.
- The findings suggest potential clinical applications for improving rehabilitation through neuroplasticity.

## Abstract

Background: Although modifiers and function words are critical in cognitive linguistic assessments and cognitive training has proven to promote synaptic neural activity, they often receive limited attention, particularly in computational data-scarce settings. This study addresses communication difficulties associated with cognitive impairments using engineering data, a design to improve the evaluation of language attributes, applied specifically to these elements. A framework was developed to analyze potential language alterations resulting from traumatic brain injury (tbi), using narrative samples, primary data, and unconventional methods to overcome the limitations of existing resources. Methods: The core technique involves pairing language attributes based on defined relationships and assessing responses using standard statistical learning methods. Direct and normalized evaluations of variables, calculated using the Northwestern Narrative Language Analysis (nnla) profile from the original data, serve as benchmarks. The Area Under the Curve (auc) metric with the corresponding statistical support are reported. Results: The results indicate that the proposed method revealed informative patterns involving modifiers and function words that remained hidden in the baseline approaches. Although some exceptions were observed, results showed a substantially consistent behavior, and the responses achieved promote their use in a clinical setting. Conclusions: The findings can provide valuable directions for theoretical and applied research in language assessment. Identifying specific points of breakdown within language structures can improve the accuracy of rehabilitation plans and better leverage the neuroplastic response of the brain for recovery.