Changes in Maxillary Incisor Inclination Before and After Orthodontic Treatment Across Vertical Skeletal Patterns
Samar Bou Assi, Antoine E. Hanna, Rita Pamela Khoury, Anthony T. Macari

TL;DR
This study examines how maxillary incisor inclination changes before and after orthodontic treatment in adults with different facial structures and finds that incisor stability is influenced by treatment mechanics and facial patterns.
Contribution
The study provides new insights into the relationship between vertical skeletal patterns and maxillary incisor stability during orthodontic treatment.
Findings
No significant changes in maxillary incisor inclination were observed post-treatment across all groups.
Hyperdivergent patients showed no significant correlations between incisor angulation and skeletal axes.
Normo- and hypodivergent patients exhibited stronger associations between incisor angulation and skeletal axes.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate changes in maxillary incisor inclination before and after orthodontic treatment in adults with different vertical facial patterns (normodivergent, hypodivergent, hyperdivergent) and to assess the relationship of incisor inclination to facial and growth axes using cephalometric and photographic records. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 144 non-growing patients (96 females, 48 males) with available pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms and smiling profile photographs. Patients were classified into three groups based on mandibular plane angle (MP/SN): normodivergent (n = 66), hypodivergent (n = 35), and hyperdivergent (n = 43). Angular measurements assessed maxillary incisor inclination and growth/facial axes. Clinical crown angulation (CCA) was evaluated from profile photographs. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests, ANOVA with…
Genes, proteins, chemicals, diseases, species, mutations and cell lines named across the full text — each resolved to its canonical identifier and authoritative record.
Click any figure to enlarge with its caption.
Figure 1
Figure 2Peer Reviews
No public reviews on file for this paper yet. If you reviewed it on a platform where reviews are public (OpenReview, ICLR, NeurIPS, ICML), you can paste yours below so the community can read it here.
Videos
No videos yet. Explain this paper in a talk, walkthrough, or lecture? Add one.
Taxonomy
TopicsOrthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics · dental development and anomalies · Dental Radiography and Imaging
