Polyphenolic Compounds from Andean Berry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) and Derived Functional Benefits: A Systematic and Updated Review

TL;DR

This paper reviews the polyphenolic compounds in Andean berries and their potential health benefits, highlighting the need for clinical validation and improved cultivation practices.

Contribution

This systematic review provides an updated analysis of the functional benefits and challenges of Andean berry polyphenolics.

Findings

Andean berries contain polyphenolics like cyanidin-3-O-galactoside and delphinidin-3-O-hexoside with antioxidant properties.

Preclinical evidence suggests antiproliferative, chemoprotective, and cardioprotective effects of these compounds.

Current research is limited by a lack of clinical validation and challenges in cultivation and post-harvest handling.

Abstract

Andean berry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) is a species of berry mostly exclusive to the Andean ecosystems, mainly present in Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, and Jamaica, where it grows between 2000 and 3000 m.a.s.l. Although most of the fruit is harvested naturally, limited fruit production significantly restricts large-scale farming and sales. Most research on phytochemicals from this berry has focused on polyphenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-O-galactoside and delphinidin-3-O-hexoside. These compounds have significant antioxidant potential and require appropriate post-harvest handling to preserve their stability and biological functionality. A systematic literature search was conducted covering studies from January 2000 to January 2025 across Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Evidence from original research includes chemical analyses, in vitro biological activity, in vivo effects in animal models, and clinical studies. Although findings suggest antiproliferative, chemoprotective, and cardioprotective properties, current evidence remains largely preclinical, and clinical validation is urgently needed. Despite its promise, challenges persist in standardizing cultivation, scaling production, and optimizing post-harvest. The berry has been incorporated into food products, but further research is essential to support its transition from experimental use to validated clinical applications.

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