# Attitudes, Roles, and Competencies of Clinical Psychologists Regarding Euthanasia Due to Unbearable Mental Suffering

## TL;DR

This study explores how clinical psychologists in Flanders view and participate in euthanasia cases involving unbearable mental suffering.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into clinical psychologists' attitudes, roles, and training needs in UMS euthanasia cases.

## Key findings

- Most clinical psychologists support UMS euthanasia under appropriate conditions.
- Psychologists see their role as important in decision-making and aftercare but lack formal training.
- Specialized settings and prior experience correlate with higher knowledge and involvement.

## Abstract

Since the enactment of Belgium’s euthanasia law in 2002, clinical psychologists have played an increasingly significant role in the multidisciplinary approach to euthanasia, particularly regarding cases involving unbearable mental suffering (UMS euthanasia). This cross-sectional study examined the attitudes, roles, and competencies of clinical psychologists in Flanders concerning UMS euthanasia using an online questionnaire (n = 242). The survey explored attitudes towards UMS euthanasia, as well as self-perceived competencies and involvement. Results indicate that most psychologists hold a generally positive stance towards UMS euthanasia and believe in supporting patient requests under appropriate conditions. Their roles are seen as essential in decision-making, exploring alternatives, and providing aftercare for families, though opinions vary about their involvement during the actual procedure. Demographic factors such as age, gender, work setting, and prior involvement in euthanasia showed no significant influence on attitudes; however, greater knowledge and skills were reported among those in specialized settings, palliative care, or with prior euthanasia involvement. A pronounced lack of training and education in this area was reported, highlighting the need for targeted measures. The findings underscore the necessity of clarifying psychologists’ roles, expanding legal guidelines, and improving training to enhance care quality in the context of UMS euthanasia.