Short-Term Practice Modulates ERP Components Without Behavioral Change in a Short-ISI Go/NoGo Task
Yasushi Sugawara, Yuya Matsuda, Ryo Kurokawa, Rin Kosuge, Satoshi Kudoh, Mayu Akaiwa, Hidekazu Saito, Takeshi Sasaki, Kazuhiro Sugawara

TL;DR
Short-term practice on a difficult Go/NoGo task changed brain activity but not behavior, showing neural adaptations without performance improvement.
Contribution
Demonstrates neural changes from short-term practice in a high-difficulty Go/NoGo task without behavioral improvement.
Findings
No significant changes in response time or error rate across sessions.
NoGo-P3 amplitude decreased at the Fz electrode in later sessions.
Neural activity related to response inhibition reduced without behavioral improvement.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Response inhibition, a core aspect of executive function, is commonly evaluated using the Go/NoGo task. While previous research has demonstrated that short-term practice can influence both behavioral and neural markers of response inhibition, the role of task difficulty—particularly when manipulated through short interstimulus intervals (ISIs)—remains underexplored. This study investigated the effects of short-term repeated practice on behavioral performance and neural activity during a high-difficulty Go/NoGo task with a short ISI. Methods: Fifteen healthy young adults completed a visual Go/NoGo task in four repeated sessions within a single day. The task involved a 600 ms ISI, 100 ms stimulus duration, and a 20% NoGo stimulus frequency. Behavioral outcomes included response time (RT) and error rate (ER). Neural activity was recorded via electroencephalography…
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Taxonomy
TopicsNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies · Cognitive Abilities and Testing · Motor Control and Adaptation
