Air Pollution Impact on Pregnancy and Early Childhood Development (APiPED) in India: Protocol for a Cohort Study
Harshal Ramesh Salve, Sagnik Dey, Yashika Arora, Surbhi Kapoor, Santu Ghosh, Rakesh Kumar, Sheffali Gulati, Rajesh Sagar, Sudip Kumar Datta, Anand Krishnan

TL;DR
This study examines how air pollution affects pregnancy and early childhood development in high-pollution areas of India, aiming to guide public health policies.
Contribution
The study provides context-specific evidence on air pollution effects in the Delhi National Capital Region, a high-pollution environment.
Findings
Baseline data collection for 45% of the planned sample has been completed as of July 2025.
Exposure assessment and sample collection are underway for a 10% subsample.
The study will generate evidence to support maternal and child health policies in polluted environments.
Abstract
The impact of air pollution on early childhood development in low-pollution settings is well known. However, comprehensive evidence from high-pollution environments such as the Delhi National Capital Region in India remains limited. This maternal-child cohort study aims to investigate the impact of air pollution on pregnancy outcomes and early childhood development, providing critical insights to inform targeted interventions and public health policy. This longitudinal maternal-child cohort study will enroll 2500 pregnant women from rural and urban Delhi National Capital Region and follow their children up to 2 years of age. Maternal data on pregnancy complications, delivery mode, parity, and gestational weight gain will be collected from clinical records and structured questionnaires, while newborn outcomes (gestational age, birth weight, anthropometry, and congenital anomalies) will…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAir Quality and Health Impacts · Energy and Environment Impacts · Climate Change and Health Impacts
