# Palladium nanoparticles immobilized on DT-CH-modified MgFe2O4@APTES magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient and reusable new catalyst for C-C coupling reactions

## TL;DR

Researchers created a reusable magnetic catalyst for chemical reactions that are efficient and environmentally friendly.

## Contribution

A new magnetic nanocatalyst was developed for C-C coupling reactions with high reusability and green solvent use.

## Key findings

- The catalyst showed excellent performance in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions with high yields.
- The nanocatalyst could be easily recovered and reused multiple times without efficiency loss.
- Palladium loading was quantified at 1.7 × 10⁻³ mol g⁻¹ using ICP analysis.

## Abstract

A novel protocol has been developed for synthesizing a DT-CH-Pd complex anchored on MgFe2O4 nanoparticles, referred to as MgFe2O4@APTES@DT-CH-Pd. The structure of this nanomagnetic catalyst was thoroughly analyzed using various techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, ICP, TGA, VSM, and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm analysis. Subsequently, its catalytic performance was evaluated in Suzuki cross-coupling reactions conducted in water, highlighting its use as a green solvent. Palladium loading on the catalyst was quantified through ICP analysis, measuring at 1.7 × 10⁻³ mol g⁻¹. This methodology offers several advantages, such as straightforward preparation from readily available materials, excellent catalytic activity, ease of operation, short reaction times, high yields, and an environmentally friendly solvent system. Importantly, the nanocatalyst was conveniently recovered using an external magnet and reused multiple times without notable degradation in catalytic efficiency.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-25753-3.