Patient-reported outcomes after ipsilateral radiation therapy for N2b tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma

TL;DR

This study examines patient-reported outcomes after radiation therapy for a specific type of tonsillar cancer, finding that most patients experience minimal symptoms.

Contribution

The study provides new insights into patient-reported outcomes for a specific cancer treatment strategy.

Findings

Most patients reported no symptoms, with over 70% scoring all symptoms as zero.

Dry mouth and fatigue were the most common symptoms reported.

Systemic therapy was associated with worse general activity interference.

Abstract

Previous studies have reported excellent disease control and survival in patients with well-lateralized, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)-7 T1-2N2b tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The reduced treatment volume is associated with lower rates of physician-assessed toxicity. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been proposed as a similarly reliable measure, but the body of literature is limited for unilaterally treated patients. Our goal was to review PROs of such patients who had reduced treatment volumes.

We reviewed PROs of patients with AJCC-7 T1-2N2b disease treated with ipsilateral radiation therapy (RT), with or without surgery or chemotherapy before RT. PROs were measured using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory for head and neck cancer after a median of 28.9 months.

Forty-eight patients were included in the study: 36 (75%) had human papillomavirus-positive disease, 20 (42%) had ≥ 2 nodal levels involved, 15 (31%) had extranodal extension and all patients had N2b disease. Most patients reported no symptoms; a median 72.9% for all 10 head-and-neck symptoms, 75.0% for all 12 core symptoms, and 83.3% for all 6 interference symptoms reported a score of “0”. The most common head-and-neck and core symptoms were dry mouth (n = 33, 69%) and fatigue (n = 23, 48%). Treatment mostly interfered with general activities. PROs were not affected by receipt of surgery; however, receipt of systemic therapy was associated with worse general activity (P = 0.044). Longitudinal analyses revealed mildly worse dry mouth (from 0 of 10 points to 1.5 of 10, P = 0.012) and numbness/tingling (from 0 of 10 to 0.5 of 10, P = 0.020).

Ipsilateral neck RT for N2b tonsil SCC was associated with only a mild PRO symptom burden after at least 18 months, and therefore, a well-tolerated toxicity reduction strategy for appropriate patients.

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