# OpTiles: an R package for adaptive tiling and methylation variability profiling

**Authors:** Giorgia Migliaccio, Lena Möbus, Giusy del Giudice, Jack Morikka, Antonio Federico, Angela Serra, Dario Greco

PMC · DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaf614 · 2025-11-09

## TL;DR

OpTiles is an R package that improves methylation analysis by dynamically defining tiling windows based on CpG distribution and variability.

## Contribution

The package introduces an adaptive tiling method that integrates CpG density and methylation variability for more reliable methylation profiling.

## Key findings

- OpTiles dynamically defines tiling windows based on sequenced CpG distribution.
- It provides a reliability metric by integrating CpG density and intra-region methylation variability.
- The package offers extended functionality for methylation data annotation and interpretation.

## Abstract

OpTiles is an R package that dynamically defines tiling windows based on the distribution of sequenced CpGs, addressing the limitations of traditional fixed-tiling approaches in targeted methylation datasets. By integrating CpG density with intra-region methylation variability, it provides a reliability metric and extended functionality for annotating, prioritizing, and interpreting complex methylation data.

OpTiles is implemented in R and source code is freely available at https://github.com/fhaive/OpTiles. Data are available on Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16961292.

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** ERLIN1 (ER lipid raft associated 1) [NCBI Gene 10613] {aka C10orf69, Erlin-1, KE04, KEO4, SPFH1, SPG62}, DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1) [NCBI Gene 1786] {aka ADCADN, AIM, CXXC9, DNMT, HSN1E, MCMT}
- **Diseases:** AD (MESH:D000544)
- **Chemicals:** RPMI-1640 (-), PMA (MESH:D013755)
- **Cell lines:** THP-1 — Homo sapiens (Human), Childhood acute monocytic leukemia, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0006)

## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12646143/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12646143