# Subgingival Bacterial Microbiota Profile of People Living With HIV‐1 Under HAART: A Systematic Review

## TL;DR

This study reviews the subgingival bacterial profiles in people with HIV-1 on HAART, finding common periodontal pathogens like Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis.

## Contribution

The study identifies specific subgingival bacterial patterns in HIV-1 patients on HAART, highlighting non-periodontal species like Enterococcus faecalis.

## Key findings

- Treponema denticola was found in 44% of studies among HIV-1 patients on HAART.
- Porphyromonas gingivalis was detected in 33% of studies.
- Enterococcus faecalis was identified in 33% of studies, a species not typically linked to periodontal disease.

## Abstract

This systematic review aimed to assess the available literature on the subgingival bacterial microbiota profiles of PLHIV undergoing HAART.

This research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Electronic searches were performed in the Cochrane Library, LILACS, PubMed, and Science Direct databases to identify primary studies evaluating the subgingival bacterial microbiota of individuals living with HIV‐1 undergoing HAART. The search was performed by two independent researchers and covered the period from January 2001 to July 2022. Studies published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish were included.

A total of 457 articles were initially retrieved. Of these, 9 met the eligibility criteria. The included studies revealed a high frequency of periodontal pathogens among individuals living with HIV‐1 on HAART, including Treponema denticola (44%, n = 4 studies) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (33%, n = 3 studies), as well as species not commonly found in patients with periodontal disease, such as Enterococcus faecalis (33%, n = 2 studies).

According to the present findings, the most frequently identified subgingival bacterial species in patients living with HIV‐1 and receiving antiretroviral therapy were T. denticola and P. gingivalis, without establishing a consistent or unique microbiological profile.