# New potentials in biomedical application of hydrated electrons: A functional and biomedical effects study of an electromagnetic base liquid containing hydrated electrons

**Authors:** Zhuangbin Zheng, Fanlei Ran, Lushan Liang, Yiqian Zhang, Xianwen Li, Liqun Zhang, Lijun Bi

PMC · DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0336479 · PLOS One · 2025-11-24

## TL;DR

A new storable liquid containing hydrated electrons shows potential biomedical benefits, including antitumor and metabolic effects.

## Contribution

The development of a storable electromagnetic base liquid containing hydrated electrons for biomedical applications.

## Key findings

- The EBL exhibited strong alkalinity and high antioxidant capacity.
- Digital phenotyping in zebrafish linked EBL to antitumor and metabolic drug effects.
- The EBL was identified as non-adverse at tested concentrations.

## Abstract

Hydrated electrons (eaq-) are widely studied in pollutant degradation owing to their high reducing power. Recent studies indicate that transiently generated eaq- during radiotherapy can enhance chemotherapeutic antitumor effects via reduction activity. However, biomedical applications remain limited because conventional methods generate eaq- in situ and are short-lived, precluding storage. In this study, we present a storable electromagnetic base liquid (EBL), reference-linked to prior preparation work, and analyze its physicochemical and organism-level effects. The EBL showed strong alkalinity (pH 13.08), low oxidation-reduction potential (ORP 47.1 mV), and a total antioxidant capacity of 1.6 mM Trolox equivalents antioxidant capacity. Using a larva zebrafish (Danio rerio) digital phenotyping platform, we identified a non-adverse concentration and generated unbiased predictions clustering EBL with antitumor, uric acid-lowering, and hypoglycemic drugs. These findings motivate further biological investigation of EBL’s biomedical potential and provide a basis for subsequent validation.

## Linked entities

- **Chemicals:** Trolox (PubChem CID 40634)
- **Diseases:** tumor (MONDO:0005070), hyperuricemia (MONDO:0002144), hyperglycemia (MONDO:0002909)
- **Species:** Danio rerio (taxon 7955)

## Full-text entities

- **Chemicals:** Trolox (MESH:C010643), EBL (-), uric acid (MESH:D014527)
- **Species:** Danio rerio (leopard danio, species) [taxon 7955]

## Full text

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## Figures

6 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12643299/full.md

## References

60 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12643299/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12643299