# Dietary Consumption of Type 2 Resistant Starch and d‐Fagomine Delays Progression of Metabolic Disturbances in Male Rats on High‐Fat Diet

## TL;DR

Adding resistant starch or fagomine to a high-fat diet in rats reduced fat and stress, with resistant starch showing stronger benefits.

## Contribution

This study compares the metabolic benefits of RS2 and FG in mitigating high-fat diet effects in rats.

## Key findings

- HF + RS and HF + FG diets reduced perigonadal fat and oxidative stress.
- HF + RS improved glucose tolerance and liver steatosis more effectively than HF + FG.
- RS2 had stronger metabolic effects than FG under high-fat diet conditions.

## Abstract

High‐fat (HF) diets contribute to obesity, insulin resistance, fatty liver, gut microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and low‐grade chronic inflammation. This study evaluated the preventive effects of dietary Type 2 resistant starch (RS2) from high‐amylose maize and low‐dose d‐fagomine (FG) from buckwheat on these metabolic disturbances. Male Wistar‐Kyoto rats (9–10 weeks old) were assigned to four diet groups for 10 weeks: standard (STD) diet, HF diet (45% kcal from fat), HF + RS diet (15% RS2), and HF + FG diet (0.1% FG). Body characteristics, metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, gut microbiota, short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and eicosanoids were analyzed. Both HF + RS and HF + FG diets reduced perigonadal fat, plasma triacylglycerols, and oxidative stress. HF + RS diet improved glucose tolerance without significantly affecting insulin sensitivity, while HF + FG diet showed a tendency for improvement at later stages. Additionally, HF + RS diet showed greater beneficial effects on body weight and liver steatosis than HF + FG diet, likely due to gut microbiota and SCFA modulation. RS2 exerted stronger metabolic effects than FG under HF diet conditions, suggesting its greater potential in mitigating obesity‐related complications. FG effects may require longer exposure to manifest.

This study compared the preventive effects of dietary resistant starch (RS2) from maize and d‐fagomine (FG) from buckwheat on cardiometabolic risk factors in high‐fat (HF) diet‐fed rats. Wistar‐Kyoto rats (n = 11–12/group) received STD, HF, HF + RS, or HF + FG diets for 10 weeks. HF + RS and HF + FG reduced perigonadal fat, triacylglycerols, and oxidative stress but did not improve insulin sensitivity. HF + RS had greater benefits on weight, glucose tolerance, and liver steatosis, likely due to gut microbiota modulation.