# Hematological and Biochemical Alterations Induced by Sub-Acute Administration of Permethrin in Rats

## TL;DR

This study shows that prolonged exposure to permethrin, a common insecticide, can cause harmful effects on blood and organ functions in rats.

## Contribution

The study reveals dose-dependent hematological and biochemical changes in rats due to subacute permethrin exposure.

## Key findings

- Permethrin exposure caused impaired hematopoiesis with altered erythrocyte and platelet levels.
- Liver enzymes and bilirubin increased, while albumin decreased, indicating hepatic damage.
- Oxidative stress markers showed tissue-specific responses, with increased GR in the heart and GST in the liver.

## Abstract

Permethrin (PERM) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide initially regarded as low risk. However, evidence now indicates that misuse and prolonged exposure can damage multiple physiological systems by disrupting enzymatic functions in subcellular structures. In this study, male Wistar rats were administered PERM (75, 150, or 300 mg/kg/day) for 15 days to assess its effect on hematological and biochemical parameters, including oxidative stress markers in the liver, kidney, and heart. Subacute PERM administration induced significant, dose-dependent toxicological alterations in exposed animals. Hematological analysis revealed impaired hematopoiesis, characterized by increased erythrocytes and platelets alongside decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and red cell distribution width. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated liver enzymes and bilirubin, along with reduced albumin levels, indicating hepatic alterations associated with PERM. The assessment of oxidative stress revealed tissue-specific responses following PERM exposure. While GPx, CAT, and SOD levels remained unchanged, GR activity increased in the heart, and GST activity increased in the liver. Additionally, a substantial decrease in MDA was observed in both the liver and heart. These collective alterations found in PERM-subacute exposed rats suggest the potential for cellular damage with the possible development of chronic pathologies, warranting further investigation.