# Validity of the Loewenstein–Acevedo Scales of Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) for Mexican Subjects with Mild and Moderate Cognitive Impairments

## TL;DR

This study validates the LASSI-L cognitive test for detecting early memory issues in older Mexican adults, showing it works well for identifying mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer’s.

## Contribution

The study confirms the LASSI-L's validity for Mexican populations with mild cognitive impairments and Alzheimer’s, filling a regional validation gap.

## Key findings

- LASSI-L scores significantly differentiated between cognitively healthy, MCI, and mild AD groups.
- Recovery from proactive interference best distinguished healthy from impaired groups.
- Semantically cued recall and free recall were robust markers independent of education.

## Abstract

Background/Objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) often begins with episodic memory deficits, detectable in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The Loewenstein–Acevedo Scales of Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) shows promise for early detection, but lacks validation in Mexico. Methods: We assessed 355 adults ≥ 60 years, classified as cognitively healthy (CHG), MCI, or mild AD, using DSM-V criteria. Participants completed neuropsychological testing including the LASSI-L. Construct, concurrent, and predictive validity were analyzed via ANOVA, correlations with the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT), and logistic regression models controlling for age, education, and comorbidity. Results: LASSI-L scores significantly differed between groups (p < 0.0001), with recovery from proactive interference best discriminating CHG from MCI and mild AD. Strong correlations with HVLT indices supported concurrent validity. Predictive models identified semantically cued recall and free recall (CRA2 and FRB1) as robust markers, independent of education. Conclusions: LASSI-L is a valid, accessible tool for identifying typical AD-related memory impairment in older Mexican adults, supporting earlier diagnosis in low-biomarker-access settings.