# Vomiting Blood, Missing the Heart: A Rare Presentation of Acute Myocardial Infarction

## TL;DR

A 46-year-old man presented with vomiting blood and stomach pain, but was diagnosed with a heart attack, highlighting the importance of considering atypical symptoms.

## Contribution

This case emphasizes the need to consider heart attacks even when typical chest pain is absent, especially in high-risk patients.

## Key findings

- Hematemesis can be an atypical initial symptom of acute myocardial infarction.
- Comprehensive evaluation is crucial for diagnosing atypical presentations of acute coronary syndrome.
- Timely recognition of non-typical MI symptoms improves patient outcomes.

## Abstract

Hematemesis, the vomiting of blood, is an uncommon initial manifestation of myocardial infarction (MI). We describe a case involving the clinical progression of a 46-year-old man who arrived at the emergency department with symptoms including active coffee ground vomitus and severe epigastric pain. While acute coronary syndrome (ACS) typically manifests with chest pain, this case highlights the significance of considering MI even in the absence of this hallmark symptom. The patient's symptoms initially raised suspicion of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. However, given the patient's cardiovascular risk factors, acute MI (AMI) was considered, confirmed by abnormal ECG and elevated troponin levels. The patient received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and was discharged with dual antiplatelet therapy. The case stresses the necessity of a comprehensive differential diagnosis when assessing patients with symptoms similar to gastrointestinal bleeding, as timely recognition of atypical presentations of MI is crucial for favorable outcomes. This report aims to raise awareness of the importance of comprehensive evaluation and tailored management strategies for atypical presentations of ACS. Further research is needed to guide optimal approaches in these challenging scenarios.