# Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma Combined With Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: A Rare Case Report

## TL;DR

A rare case of a woman with both paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is reported, showing the unusual coexistence of these two conditions.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the rare coexistence of PNH and DLBCL, offering insights into their clinical management.

## Key findings

- A 46-year-old female with PNH was later diagnosed with DLBCL.
- The patient did not respond to the R-CHOP regimen typically used for DLBCL.
- This case expands understanding of managing DLBCL when coexisting with PNH.

## Abstract

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common hematological malignancy, and some patients may present with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). However, the coexistence of DLBCL and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is rare. PNH patients may develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but lymphomas are rarely seen. Here, we focus on a 46‐year‐old female patient afflicted with PNH for 3 years before being diagnosed with DLBCL. Different from DLBCL accompanied by AIHA, this case did not benefit from the R‐CHOP regimen. This case demonstrates that PNH can coexist with malignant lymphoma, which is a rare finding. It also enhances our understanding of the clinical management of DLBCL coexisting with PNH.