# Outcome of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

## TL;DR

This study examines the outcomes of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in Indonesia, finding that nearly half die within seven months.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into BPD outcomes and mortality predictors in a specific Indonesian hospital setting.

## Key findings

- 48.2% of infants with BPD died within seven months of life.
- Post-menstrual age < 28 weeks was an independent predictor of mortality.
- Mechanical ventilation showed a protective effect against mortality in BPD infants.

## Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BDP) is the most common chronic lung disease in infants. The study aimed to evaluate the outcome of infants diagnosed with BPD in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of infants with BPD born between January 2015 and December 2020 at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Surviving children were invited for clinical assessment and echocardiogram. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of mortality.

Among 8,490 newborns hospitalized in the Perinatal ward, 100 (1.2%) developed BPD, with neonatal sepsis and congenital heart disease as the most prevalent comorbidities. Of the 85 infants with complete data, 41 (48.2%) died within 7 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that post-menstrual age (PMA) < 28 weeks and mechanical ventilation as independent predictors of mortality, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) of 5.27 (1.36-20.43) and 0.26 (0.09-0.75), respectively.

Nearly half of the infants diagnosed with BPD died within the first seven months of life. PMA < 28 weeks was associated with increased mortality risk, while mechanical ventilation showed a protective effect against mortality in infants with BPD.