# All‐In‐One Iontronic Sensing Aligner for High‐Precision 3D Orthodontic Force Monitoring

## TL;DR

A wireless, battery-free sensing system is developed to monitor 3D orthodontic forces in real time, improving treatment accuracy and personalization.

## Contribution

An all-in-one iontronic sensing aligner with a cross-shaped sensor and origami-inspired circuit for high-precision, real-time 3D force monitoring.

## Key findings

- The system achieves 1.14% measurement accuracy with low creep and high repeatability.
- A 15-day in vivo study showed strong correlation (R2 > 0.99) between force profiles and tooth displacement.
- The device enables real-time, quantitative feedback for orthodontic treatment adjustments.

## Abstract

Clear aligners offer aesthetic and comfort advantages in orthodontics, yet their ability to deliver effective forces relies heavily on empirical judgment or large‐scale optical scanning, lacking real‐time quantitative evaluation. Integrating pressure sensors into aligners is a promising solution, but challenges in miniaturization, multi‐dimensional sensing, measurement accuracy, and biocompatibility hinder clinical application. Here, an all‐in‐one Orthodontic Force Acquisition System (OFAS) is presented that enables real‐time, 3D force monitoring using a cross‐shaped iontronic sensing array and an origami‐inspired, wireless battery‐free readout circuit miniaturized for single‐tooth placement. The system employs a cross‐linked polyelectrolyte with low creep and high repeatability, achieving 1.14% measurement accuracy. A 15‐day in vivo study demonstrates that OFAS accurately captured dynamic force profiles with strong correlation to tooth displacement (R2 > 0.99), confirming its feasibility for real‐time, quantitative orthodontic force measurement and enabling timely treatment adjustments.

A wireless, battery‐free orthodontic sensing system is developed by integrating a cross‐shaped iontronic sensor and an origami‐inspired NFC circuit into clear aligners. This all‐in‐one device enables real‐time, in vivo 3D force monitoring with high precision and long‐term stability, providing clinicians with quantitative biomechanical feedback to optimize treatment efficacy and personalize orthodontic care.