Sustainable Valorization of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate into Green Diesel Using Ni–Co Catalysts Supported on Zeolite from Kaolin Waste under Solvent- and Hydrogen-Free Conditions
Brenda Fernanda Honorato de Oliveira, Bruno Marques Viegas, Mauricio Velasquez, Emanuel Negrão Macêdo
TL;DR
This study shows how to convert palm oil waste into green diesel using low-cost catalysts made from kaolin waste, without needing solvents or hydrogen.
Contribution
A sustainable method for green diesel production using waste-derived Ni–Co/zeolite catalysts under solvent- and hydrogen-free conditions.
Findings
Catalytic deoxygenation achieved 86% diesel-range hydrocarbons with NiZ catalyst.
Cobalt-based catalysts improved deoxygenation selectivity and reduced secondary cracking.
The process produced 60–65% organic liquid products with 77–83% hydrocarbons in the C8–C17 range.
Abstract
The use of low-cost, nonedible feedstocks has proven to be a promising route for catalytic deoxygenation reactions aimed at producing diesel-like hydrocarbons. In this study, palm fatty acid distillate, a byproduct of crude palm oil refining, was converted into green diesel via thermal and catalytic deoxygenation using zeolite-supported Ni, Co, and NiCo catalysts (10 wt % metal, synthesized from kaolin residue). The reactions were carried out at 250–350 °C for 30 min without solvent or hydrogen. The process was evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis, and kinetic parameters were estimated via the Coats–Redfern method. Both the thermal and catalytic routes yielded 60–65% organic liquid products, with 77–83% hydrocarbons in the C8–C17 range. The catalytic route resulted in high yields of diesel-range hydrocarbons (C15–C17), with 86% for NiZ, 75% for CoZ, and 65% for NiCoZ, whereas the…
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Taxonomy
TopicsCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies · Biodiesel Production and Applications · Catalysis for Biomass Conversion