# Identification of novel vertebral development factors through UK Biobank candidate gene search and body imaging analysis

## TL;DR

This study finds genes linked to vertebral development and chronic pain by combining genetic and imaging data from UK Biobank.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is identifying VRTN as a new gene influencing vertebral development in humans.

## Key findings

- Three genes (GPC3, NR6A1, VRTN) are associated with vertebral and rib numerical variations.
- VRTN is newly reported to influence vertebral development in humans.
- Genetic variants are linked to increased chronic pain prevalence.

## Abstract

Numerical variations and transitional anatomy in the human vertebral column represent a significant yet understudied aspect of skeletal development with potential effects on multiple physiological systems. Utilising UK Biobank data, we integrated genetic analysis with deep learning-based multi-modal body imaging to investigate genetic factors associated with thoracic and lumbar spine anatomy. We identified three key genes, GPC3, NR6A1, and VRTN, associated with numerical variations of the lumbar vertebrae and ribs, with VRTN reported for the first time in humans as influencing vertebral development. Our findings reveal significant associations between these genetic variants, vertebral and rib anomalies, and increased prevalence of chronic pain. This study highlights the genetic underpinnings of vertebral development and demonstrates the utility of combining imaging and genetic data to uncover skeletal variation and its health implications for population health.

Integration of genetic and imaging data uncovers novel genetic factors in human vertebral variations and their link to chronic pain.