A realist evaluation of a novel cervical cancer prevention strategy in Iquitos, Peru
Valerie A. Paz-Soldan, Lauren Nussbaum, Joanna Brown, Graciela Meza-Sanchez, Sarah D. Gilman, J. Kathleen Tracy, Patti E. Gravitt

TL;DR
This study evaluates a new cervical cancer prevention strategy in Iquitos, Peru, focusing on how to improve screening and treatment rates through system changes and stakeholder engagement.
Contribution
The study introduces a novel screen-and-treat intervention and identifies effective strategies for scaling it within Peru's public health system.
Findings
Engaging providers horizontally across hierarchies improves screening and treatment rates.
Centering patients with accessible care reduces loss to follow-up.
Embedded research within public health systems supports sustainability through local ownership.
Abstract
Proyecto Precancer is an implementation science and systems-thinking project with the objective of facilitating the adoption of a new screen-and-treat intervention for cervical cancer prevention in Iquitos in the Peruvian Amazon basin. This intervention introduced human papillomavirus molecular testing and shifted treatment from the tertiary level to the primary level through visual assessment for treatment and thermal ablation for those eligible. To inform how we scale up this pilot project to new regions in Peru in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, we conducted this realist evaluation to learn what worked in our pilot intervention in Iquitos, in what circumstances, for whom, and why. We developed four initial program theories, tested them through interviews with 32 stakeholders, we refined the four program theories based on the interviews, and added a fifth theory. This…
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Taxonomy
TopicsGlobal Health and Surgery · Health Policy Implementation Science · Mosquito-borne diseases and control
