# Untargeted Proteomics Identifies Plant Substrates of the Bacterial‐Derived ADP‐Ribosyltransferase AvrRpm1

## TL;DR

This study uses untargeted proteomics to identify plant proteins modified by a bacterial enzyme, AvrRpm1, which helps the pathogen suppress plant defenses.

## Contribution

The paper introduces a novel untargeted proteomics workflow to detect ADP-ribosylated proteins in plants without prior knowledge of their function.

## Key findings

- The AvrRpm1 enzyme ADP-ribosylates RIN4 in both Glycine max and Arabidopsis thaliana.
- The workflow enables site-specific detection of ADP-ribosylation in plant proteins.
- The method is applicable to other ADP-ribosyltransferase substrates in plant systems.

## Abstract

One class of enzymes that plant pathogens employ to manipulate innate immunity and physiology of the infected cells is host‐targeted ADP‐ribosyltransferases. The bacterial pathogen
Pseudomonas syringae
uses its Type III secretion system to inject several effector proteins with ADP‐ribosyltransferase activity into plant cells. One of them, AvrRpm1, ADP‐ribosylates the plasma membrane‐associated RPM1‐INTERACTING PROTEIN 4 (RIN4) in
Glycine max
and
Arabidopsis thaliana
to attenuate targeted secretion of defense‐promoting compounds. Substrate identification of host‐targeted ADP‐ribosyltransferases is complicated by the biochemical lability of the protein modification during plant protein extraction and in several cases requires prior knowledge of plant immune signaling pathways that are impaired by the ADP‐ribosylating Type III effector. Using the AvrRpm1‐RIN4 pair as a proof of concept, we present an untargeted proteomics workflow for enrichment and detection of ADP‐ribosylated proteins and peptides from plant cell extracts that in several cases provides site resolution for the modification.