# Self-Assembled Cellulose Nanocrystal–MXene Hybrid Film for Acceleration Sensing

## TL;DR

A new flexible sensor made from cellulose and MXene detects acceleration with high precision and low cost, using a simple fabrication method.

## Contribution

A bottom-up fabrication method for a flexible acceleration sensor using cellulose nanocrystals and MXene with chiral piezoelectric properties.

## Key findings

- The hybrid film detects acceleration in three axes with precise motion detection.
- The device functions as a flexible field-effect transistor with voltage shifts proportional to acceleration.
- The sensor is insensitive to motion direction and exhibits nonlinear behavior.

## Abstract

Advances in robotics and micromechanical systems demand
miniaturized,
low-cost electromechanical sensors. Conventional micro-electromechanical
systems (MEMS) rely on complex, expensive top-down fabrication, limiting
scalability. Here, we introduce a bottom-up approach for fabricating
a flexible acceleration sensor using cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films
combined with conductive 2D MXene nanosheets. The self-assembled hybrid
film exhibits sensitivity to acceleration, enabling precise three-axis
motion detection. Functioning like a flexible field-effect transistor,
the device uses acceleration-induced film deformation to generate
charge separation in the chiral piezo films, producing a gating effect
with measurable voltage shifts proportional to applied acceleration.
This piezoelectric response allows real-time accurate motion tracking.
Unlike conventional sensors, the device exhibits nonlinear behavior
and is insensitive to the motion direction. Our approach offers a
cost-effective solution for applications requiring dynamic motion
detection and precise acceleration quantification, while simplifying
fabrication and expanding the possibilities for next-generation nano
and micro sensing technologies.