# Depressive symptomatology in the first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders OPTiMiSE trial: prevalence, correlates, symptom progression and outcomes

## TL;DR

This study examines how common and impactful depressive symptoms are in people with early schizophrenia, finding that depression is linked to worse outcomes.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the prevalence and consequences of depression in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

## Key findings

- Depressive symptoms were prevalent at baseline in 27.5% of participants with first-episode schizophrenia.
- Baseline depression was associated with worse psychosocial functioning and subjective wellbeing at week 4.
- Depressive symptom improvement correlated with reduced psychosis severity over 10 weeks.

## Abstract

Numerous aspects of depressive symptomatology in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FES) remain unclear. Based on data from the FES OPTiMiSE trial, we estimated the prevalence of depression (Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) total score ≥7) at baseline (n = 122, 27.5%) and at weeks 4 (n = 57, 15.9%) and 10 (n = 14, 21.5%). Baseline depression was cross-sectionally associated with more severe extrapyramidal symptoms (p = 0.036) and poorer subjective wellbeing (p < 0.001). At week 4, baseline depression was linked to poorer psychosocial functioning (p < 0.001) and subjective wellbeing (p < 0.001). At week 10, baseline depression was associated with psychosis non-remission (p = 0.042) and worse subjective wellbeing (p = 0.011). There was a significant correlation between decrease in CDSS and PANSS total scores (p < 0.001) at weeks 4 and 10. Depressive symptomatology in the FES OPTiMiSE trial was prevalent and associated with poorer objectively- and subjectively-measured outcomes over a 10-week follow-up. Early intervention for depression may improve outcomes in FES.