# Strategies for Implementing Research Inspired Teaching in Higher Education for Midwifery and Nursing: A Qualitative Study Introducing the 4M Model

## TL;DR

This study explores how to effectively integrate research into midwifery and nursing education by introducing the 4M model based on qualitative insights from educators in the UK.

## Contribution

The 4M model is introduced as a novel framework to facilitate research-inspired teaching in midwifery and nursing education.

## Key findings

- Barriers and solutions to implementing research-inspired teaching were identified across five levels: individual, interpersonal, organisational, institutional, and societal.
- Four key themes emerged: understanding research relevance, applying research skills, fostering collaboration, and maintaining teaching excellence.
- The 4M model emphasizes collaboration, research impact, culture, and teaching excellence to support research integration.

## Abstract

Integrating research and evidence into teaching promotes critical thinking, problem solving and innovation, but challenges remain in identifying the most effective methods. The Research Inspired Online/Offline Teaching (RIOT) framework presents a solution for midwifery and nursing education, but its applicability and feasibility must first be tested. This study investigated factors influencing the implementation of the RIOT framework and proposed solutions for overcoming barriers. Semi-structured interviews and qualitative surveys were conducted with academic staff, and educational managers and leaders in a university in the United Kingdom between February and June 2024. Twenty-four interviews and six qualitative survey responses were analysed using framework and thematic analysis. Framework analysis identified barriers and solutions at five levels: individual, interpersonal, organisational, institutional and societal. Thematic analysis formed four overarching themes: (1) understanding the relevance of research, (2) knowledge, skills, tools and confidence to apply research into teaching, (3) establishing a collaborative research culture and (4) overcoming challenges impacting the ability to maintain teaching excellence. The 4M Model for Promoting Research Inspired Teaching in Midwifery and Nursing Education was developed from the findings to provide a foundation for facilitating research integration via the RIOT framework. The 4M model emphasises the necessity for collaboration, optimisation of research impact, cultivation of a collaborative research culture, and maintenance of teaching excellence.