# Effect of Combined Treatment of Heat Moisture and Ultrafine Grinding on the Quality of Gluten-Free Brown Rice Biscuits

## TL;DR

A new method combining heat moisture treatment and ultrafine grinding improves the quality and storage stability of gluten-free brown rice biscuits.

## Contribution

A novel combined treatment enhances brown rice biscuit quality and storage stability, expanding its utilization potential.

## Key findings

- Combined treatment increased dietary fiber, phenolic, and vitamin E content in brown rice biscuits.
- Biscuit spread ratio, hardness, and brittleness improved significantly with the new treatment.
- Treated biscuits showed reduced peroxide and acid values during storage, indicating better stability.

## Abstract

Brown rice is a nutritious, gluten-free whole grain, the edible potential of which is limited by inferior palatability and storage stability. In this study, brown rice (20% w/w) was subjected to heat moisture treatment (HMT) at 110 °C for 2 h, followed by ultrafine grinding, to prepare gluten-free biscuits, which were compared with those made from wheat flour, white rice, and brown rice. The results showed that the content of dietary fiber (2.67–3.62%), total phenolic (0.053–0.154%), and vitamin E (0.574–1.483 mg/100 g) in brown rice biscuits after combined treatment was enhanced compared with wheat flour biscuits. The spread ratio (4.06–8.89), hardness (700.82–1085.91 g), and brittleness (1068.89–2067.18 g/sec) of the biscuits were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the biscuits treated with combined treatment had fewer cavities and a more compact texture. The biscuits made from HMT brown rice demonstrated a reduced peroxide value, with a slower increase in acid value (0.19–0.21 mg/g) compared to untreated samples (0.24–0.38 mg/g) during storage. The innovative combined treatment of HMT and ultrafine grinding improved qualities of brown rice biscuits. This approach expands the utilization potential of brown rice, while also offering a viable strategy for grain conservation and loss reduction.