# Secondary Metabolites from Natural Products: Extraction, Isolation and Biological Activities

**Authors:** Radosław Kowalski, Tomasz Baj

PMC · DOI: 10.3390/molecules30214233 · 2025-10-30

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** cancer (MESH:D009369), lung cancer (MESH:D008175), cytotoxic (MESH:D064420), inflammatory compounds (MESH:D005597), neurodegenerative diseases (MESH:D019636), Lichen Metabolites (MESH:D018459), liver (MESH:D017093), muscular dystrophies (MESH:D009136), Inflammatory (MESH:D007249), cervical cancer (MESH:D002583), COPD (MESH:D029424), respiratory diseases (MESH:D012140), injury to (MESH:D014947)
- **Chemicals:** NO (MESH:D009569), Caudiquinol (-), isocoumarin (MESH:D049934), Polyphenols (MESH:D059808), CBD (MESH:D002186), carotenoids (MESH:D002338), bisabolane (MESH:D000081222), luteolin (MESH:D047311), usnic acid (MESH:C073339), monoterpenes (MESH:D039821), Sesquiterpenoid (MESH:D012717), triterpenes (MESH:D014315), rutin (MESH:D012431), disaccharides (MESH:D004187), THC (MESH:D013759), lipid (MESH:D008055), depsidone (MESH:C000875), inulin (MESH:D007444), ellagic acid (MESH:D004610), choline (MESH:D002794), phenazine (MESH:C000598831), methanol (MESH:D000432), sugars (MESH:D000073893), perlatolic acid (MESH:C522034), amino acids (MESH:D000596), lactose (MESH:D007785), Flavonoids (MESH:D005419), CO2 (MESH:D002245), dextran (MESH:D003911), wogonin (MESH:C085514), gallic acid (MESH:D005707), alkaloids (MESH:D000470), oroxylin A (MESH:C080669), maltose (MESH:D008320), water (MESH:D014867), trehalose (MESH:D014199), LPS (MESH:D008070), essential oil (MESH:D009822), dichloromethane (MESH:D008752), quercetin (MESH:D011794), ethanol (MESH:D000431), staurosporine (MESH:D019311), ergosterol (MESH:D004875), glycerol (MESH:D005990), myricitrin (MESH:C008577), Terpenoids (MESH:D013729), threonine (MESH:D013912), drimane (MESH:C437376), faradiol (MESH:C100535), phenols (MESH:D010636), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (MESH:C008046), atranorin (MESH:C026304), benzoic acid (MESH:D019817), phenolic acids (MESH:C017616)
- **Species:** Stereocaulon ramulosum (species) [taxon 51976], Fusarium proliferatum (species) [taxon 948311], Staphylococcus aureus (species) [taxon 1280], Fallopia convolvulus (black bindweed, species) [taxon 76029], Candidozyma auris (species) [taxon 498019], Faecalibacterium (genus) [taxon 216851], Fusarium culmorum (species) [taxon 5516], Sorbus (mountain ashes, genus) [taxon 23222], Sorbus aucuparia (European mountain ash, species) [taxon 36599], Ramalina celastri (species) [taxon 859457], Eugenia uniflora (Brazil-cherry, species) [taxon 119951], Scutellaria baicalensis (Baikal skullcap, species) [taxon 65409], Xylaria sp. (species) [taxon 1715255], Bifidobacterium (genus) [taxon 1678], Cannabis sativa (species) [taxon 3483], Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (no rank) [taxon 11676], Nakaseomyces glabratus (species) [taxon 5478], Dentipellis fragilis (species) [taxon 205917], Corallina officinalis (species) [taxon 35170], Candida albicans (species) [taxon 5476], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Penicillium (genus) [taxon 5073], Asterochloris erici (species) [taxon 60131], Fungi (kingdom) [taxon 4751], Lactobacillus (genus) [taxon 1578], Escherichia coli (E. coli, species) [taxon 562], F. vulgare [taxon 48038], Calendula officinalis (common marigold, species) [taxon 41496], Mus musculus (house mouse, species) [taxon 10090], Streptomyces sp. (species) [taxon 1931], Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (Herpes simplex virus type 1, no rank) [taxon 10298], Talaromyces (genus) [taxon 5094], Lindera obtusiloba (species) [taxon 155295]
- **Cell lines:** A549 — Homo sapiens (Human), Lung adenocarcinoma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0023), MCF-7 — Homo sapiens (Human), Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0031), MNP-1 — Mus musculus (Mouse), Hybridoma (CVCL_C7RB), L929 — Mus musculus (Mouse), Spontaneously immortalized cell line (CVCL_AR58), RAW264 — Mus musculus (Mouse), Mouse leukemia, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0493), KB3.1 — Homo sapiens (Human), Human papillomavirus-related endocervical adenocarcinoma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_2088), HepG2 — Homo sapiens (Human), Hepatoblastoma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0027)

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12608736