# Magnet-Free Nonreciprocal Edge Plasmons in Optically Pumped Bilayer Graphene

## TL;DR

This paper shows that bilayer graphene can support nonreciprocal edge plasmons without magnets, using light to control their behavior more efficiently than monolayer systems.

## Contribution

The study introduces stronger nonreciprocal plasmons in bilayer graphene with lower pump requirements and tunable energy gaps.

## Key findings

- Bilayer graphene shows stronger nonreciprocity in edge plasmons than monolayer systems.
- Lower pump amplitude is needed in bilayer graphene to achieve plasmon splitting.
- The gate-tunable energy gap in bilayer graphene offers enhanced control over plasmonic behavior.

## Abstract

Recent theoretical studies have shown that gapped Dirac materials (such as gapped monolayer graphene) optically pumped with circularly polarized light can host edge-localized plasmon modes with nonreciprocal dispersions driven by valley population imbalance. Here, we extend this framework to Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene. Using the Wiener–Hopf method, we compute the exact edge plasmon dispersion, confinement length, and electric potential. Our results show that bilayer graphene exhibits stronger nonreciprocity in edge plasmons, requiring approximately one order of magnitude lower pump amplitude to achieve splitting compared with monolayer Dirac systems. Furthermore, the gate-tunable energy gap of bilayer graphene provides an additional degree of control, positioning optically pumped bilayer graphene as a versatile platform for magnet-free nonreciprocal plasmonics.