# Preparation of Crosslinked Gelatin Microparticles and Study on Their Loading Capacity for Folic Acid

## TL;DR

This study creates stable gelatin microparticles that can carry folic acid and resist breakdown during food processing and digestion.

## Contribution

A novel crosslinked gelatin microparticle system is developed for improved thermal stability and targeted intestinal release of folic acid.

## Key findings

- Crosslinked microparticles showed a melting temperature of 147.79°C, much higher than non-crosslinked ones.
- Folic acid-loaded microparticles released only 4.91% in gastric fluid and 88.13% in intestinal fluid.
- Microparticles maintained structural integrity in high-temperature solutions for up to 2 hours at 40°C.

## Abstract

Gelatin microparticles (GMPs) can load functional active substances, but they tend to redissolve in high-temperature aqueous solutions during food processing. In this study, a new loading system adapted to food processing and digestive environments was constructed through the crosslinking of tea polyphenols (TP) on GMPs. The effects of pH, temperature, and crosslinking time on the methylene blue (MB) retention rate in crosslinked gelatin microparticles (cGMPs) were investigated, resulting in optimized crosslinking conditions. Compared with GMPs, the surface of cGMPs was denser and smoother. ATR-FTIR results showed that the N–H groups were involved in the formation of hydrogen bonds during the crosslinking process. The crosslinking effect of TP significantly disrupted the triple-helical structure of gelatin. The melting temperature (Tm) of cGMPs is 147.79 °C, which is significantly higher than that of GMPs (87.11 °C), indicating a marked improvement in thermal stability. In high-temperature aqueous solutions, Folic acid-loaded cGMPs (FA-cGMPs) maintained morphological integrity for 2 h (at 40 °C) and 0.5 h (at 60 °C). In vitro digestion simulations revealed excellent sustained-release characteristics of FA-cGMPs, with a release rate of only 4.91% in simulated gastric fluid and 88.13% in simulated intestinal fluid. This study provides an ideal carrier with food processing stability and intestinal-targeted release capabilities for functional active substances.