# The Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles in Psoriasis Treatment: Mechanisms, Applications, and Prospects

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how extracellular vesicles could be used to treat psoriasis by modulating the immune system and skin cell function.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms and preclinical evidence supporting extracellular vesicles as a novel therapeutic strategy for psoriasis.

## Key findings

- Extracellular vesicles show immunomodulatory effects that can reduce inflammation in psoriasis.
- EVs derived from various cell sources can regulate immune responses and keratinocyte function.
- Preclinical studies suggest EVs have potential for wound repair and restoring immune homeostasis.

## Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease driven by dysregulated immune responses and aberrant keratinocyte (KC) proliferation, with a profound impact on patient quality of life. Emerging evidence highlights extracellular vesicles (EVs) as promising therapeutic candidates in regenerative medicine, offering new avenues for psoriasis management. This review provides a critical overview of psoriasis pathophysiology and evaluates the mechanistic basis of EV-based therapies, emphasizing their immunomodulatory capacity to restore immune homeostasis. We synthesize findings from preclinical studies, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of EVs derived from diverse cellular sources, including their ability to attenuate inflammation, regulate immune responses, enhance wound repair, and modulate KC function. Finally, we explore future directions aimed at optimizing EV therapeutic efficacy and translating these findings into clinical practice. Collectively, this review underscores EVs as a novel, targeted, and cell-free therapeutic strategy with the potential to transform psoriasis treatment.