# Dual-Target Therapeutic Strategies in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Potential

## TL;DR

This paper reviews dual-target therapies for triple-negative breast cancer, highlighting their potential to improve treatment outcomes by targeting multiple biological pathways simultaneously.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in dual-target therapeutic strategies for TNBC, emphasizing their clinical potential and mechanistic insights.

## Key findings

- Dual-target strategies show enhanced efficacy and can overcome drug resistance in TNBC.
- These strategies target DNA repair, cell cycle, and immune mechanisms to reverse immunosuppression.
- Most dual-target approaches are in preclinical or early clinical stages, with challenges in patient selection and toxicity.

## Abstract

Dual-targeting strategies represent a promising therapeutic approach for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), designed to overcome the limitations of single-agent therapies. By concurrently inhibiting critical oncogenic pathways, these combinations can produce synergistic anti-tumor effects and circumvent drug resistance. This review summarizes the challenges of current TNBC regimens and explores the recent advances and clinical prospects of dual-target inhibition.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignancy marked by high heterogeneity, metastatic potential, and a lack of established targeted therapies. This review explores emerging dual-target strategies that concurrently address key biological mechanisms in TNBC, including DNA damage repair, cell cycle regulation, epigenetic modulation, metabolic reprogramming, and immune microenvironment remodeling. By acting on multiple signaling nodes, these strategies demonstrate enhanced efficacy, an ability to overcome resistance, and a potential to reverse immunosuppression. Although challenges in patient selection, toxicity, and mechanistic understanding remain—with most strategies in preclinical or early clinical development—this approach offers a promising path toward precision medicine and improved outcomes for TNBC patients.