# Analysis of the microstates of prolonged disorders of consciousness

## TL;DR

This study examines brain activity patterns in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness using EEG to identify differences in brain function.

## Contribution

The study introduces microstate analysis of resting-state EEG to explore brain function changes in prolonged disorders of consciousness.

## Key findings

- The topographic map of microstate B differs significantly between pDOC patients and healthy controls.
- Brain connectivity in pDOC patients is significantly reduced in four microstates compared to healthy individuals.
- Microstate D shows significant differences in coverage and occurrence between the two groups.

## Abstract

Prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDOC) is a common disease in neurology. This study aimed to explore the microstate (MS) characteristics of pDOC patients based on resting-state Electroencephalography (EEG) and explore the changes in brain function in pDOC patients.

Patients were divided into healthy group and pDOC group according to the presence of consciousness. The T1 weighted 3D magnetization pre-gradient echo sequence (3d-t1-mprage) and resting state video EEG data were collected. First, the microstate clustering analysis was carried out. The global field power (GFP) was used to calculate microstate indicators (Duration, Occurrence, and Coverage), and then the statistical analysis between groups was carried out. Finally, the original resting state EEG data were reconstructed according to the clustered microstate GFP peak, and the connectivity of the brain in the four microstates was calculated, respectively.

The topographic map of MS B in the DOC goup (DG) is different from that in the healthy goup (HG). The Coverage value of MS B (Z = −2.084, p = 0.037), the Occurrence value of MS D (Z = −2.141, p = 0.032), the Coverage value of MS D (Z = −1.999, p = 0.046) between the two groups has a significant difference. The MS B topographic map was significantly different between the two groups. The MS D of DG was significantly different from that of the HG. Only part of the connections were preserved.

The microstate topographic maps of pDOC and CG are not identical. At the same time, the brain connectivity of pDOC patients in the four MS decreased significantly compared to the HG.