# Cognitive biases as interrupters in evidence based practice decision-making

## TL;DR

This study identifies common cognitive biases that affect decision-making among health information professionals and explores how experience influences bias perception.

## Contribution

The study identifies seven frequently observed cognitive biases in health information professionals and links bias frequency to years in the profession.

## Key findings

- Status Quo, Sunk Costs, Novelty, and Group Think are among the most observed cognitive biases.
- Four biases showed statistically significant differences based on years in the profession.
- Mitigation strategies for seven key biases are proposed for improving decision-making.

## Abstract

To identify the most frequently-observed forms of cognitive bias among Health Information Professionals (HIPs) during decision-making processes. To determine if number of years in the profession influences the types of cognitive biases perceived in others' decisions.

This cross-sectional study invited participation of 498 elected and appointed leaders at the national, caucus, and chapter levels of the Medical Library Association. The 149 participants (32%) were presented with 24 cognitive biases often associated with expected decision-making contexts among HIPs.

The most frequently observed forms of cognitive bias in decision-making situations were: Status Quo, Sunk Costs, Novelty, Professionology, Authority, Worst-Case Scenario, and Group Think. Four of these overlapped with a previous 2007 study. Results were analyzed by length of years in the profession. Four forms of cognitive bias showed statistically significant differences in frequency by years in the profession: Authority, Naïve Realism, Overconfidence, and Status quo forms of cognitive bias.

This study identified commonly observed cognitive biases that interrupt decision-making processes. These results provide a first step toward developing solutions. Mitigation strategies for the seven most common forms of identified cognitive bias are explored with more general recommendations for all forms of cognitive bias. This study should guide the profession on the most commonly-perceived forms of cognitive bias occurring in decision-making environments with an eye upon possible mitigation strategies.