# Changes in Anxiety and Depression in Patients with an Acute Myocardial Infarction that Received Treatment by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and the ABCDEFGH Bundle Including Nurse-led Continuous Follow-up

## TL;DR

This study examines how anxiety and depression change in heart attack patients treated with a specific care bundle, including nurse-led follow-up.

## Contribution

The study evaluates the effectiveness of the ABCDEFGH bundle, including nurse-led follow-up, on mental health outcomes in acute myocardial infarction patients.

## Key findings

- Anxiety scores improved significantly from ICU to outpatient departments.
- Depression scores remained unchanged across hospital phases.
- Post-discharge prevalence of anxiety was 14%, and depression was 34%.

## Abstract

It remains unclear which treatments are effective for addressing mental disorders in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therefore, we evaluated the changes over time in anxiety and depression from intensive care units (ICUs) to outpatient departments (OPDs), as well as the post-discharge prevalence of anxiety and depression in AMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and received treatments based on the ABCDEFGH bundle, including nurse-led continuous follow-up.

This retrospective cohort study involved 29 patients who were hospitalized in the ICU for treatment of AMI. All patients received PCI and treatment based on the ABCDEFGH bundle. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at three phases: ICU, general ward (GW), and OPD. First, we compared changes in anxiety and depression scores over time using HADS across the three phases. Second, we assessed the prevalence rate of anxiety and depression after hospital discharge based on HADS scores.

Of the 29 patients, the mean age was 67 ± 14 years, and 66% were male. For the anxiety subscale (HADS-A), scores improved from ICUs to OPDs (6.4-3.9 points, p = 0.001). For the depression subscale (HADS-D), there were no significant changes between ICU and GW, or between ICU and OPD (5.4-6.7, 5.4-5.2 points, respectively; all not significant). At the OPD stage, 14% of patients were in an anxiety state, and 34% were in a depression state.

In AMI patients who received PCI and treatments based on the ABCDEFGH bundle, the depression state remained unchanged from ICUs to OPDs, while the anxiety state improved after hospital discharge. The prevalence of anxiety was 14%, and the prevalence of depression was 34% after hospital discharge.