# Relationship of resting echocardiography combined with serum micronutrients to the severity of low-gradient severe aortic stenosis

## TL;DR

This study explores how blood levels of magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium relate to the severity of a heart condition called low-gradient severe aortic stenosis.

## Contribution

The study shows that serum micronutrient levels can help predict the true severity of low-gradient severe aortic stenosis.

## Key findings

- True-severe AS patients had higher calcium and phosphorus and lower magnesium levels.
- Serum calcium correlated positively with aortic valve area, while magnesium correlated with pressure gradient.
- Micronutrients improved prediction of true-severe AS when combined with echocardiographic parameters.

## Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between serum magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium and low-gradient severe aortic stenosis (LG-AS).

Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and resting echocardiography were performed on 73 patients with LG-AS. A projected aortic valve area (AVAproj) ≤ 1 cm2 or indexed AVAIproj < 0.60 cm2/m2 was defined as true-severe AS. Serum magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium were compared. The correlation between serum micronutrients and resting echocardiographic parameters was analyzed. The efficacy of serum micronutrients and resting echocardiographic parameters in predicting true-severe AS in LG-AS was assessed.

DSE diagnosed true-severe AS in 43 patients and pseudo-severe AS in 30 patients. AVA and AVAI were smaller, and the mean pressure gradient (PG) was higher in patients with true-severe AS. Serum calcium and phosphorus were higher, and serum magnesium was lower in patients with true-severe AS. Serum calcium was positively correlated with AVA and AVAI. Serum magnesium had a moderately strong correlation with mean PG. Serum micronutrients had good predictive value for true-severe AS and AVAI, and mean PG improved the predictive value of serum micronutrients.

Serum micronutrients have diagnostic values for true-severe AS in patients with LG-AS.