# Investigating Microinvasive Intra‐Ocular Biopsy

## TL;DR

The study explores using microneedles for intraocular biopsies, finding they can aspirate cancer cells and create self-sealing wounds.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in demonstrating the feasibility of 49G microneedles for intraocular biopsy with minimal leakage and high cell viability.

## Key findings

- Microneedles aspirated retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma cells with high viability.
- 49G microneedles created self-sealing retinal wounds that prevented microbead reflux.
- Anterior chamber puncture with 49G microneedles caused no aqueous leakage.

## Abstract

Current minimally invasive methods of intraocular biopsy are confined to small gauge (G) needles and subretinal cannulae that can be prone to wound leakage at the biopsy site. We investigate the role of microneedles with internal diameters as small as 49G for intraocular biopsy in the posterior and anterior segments.

Human uveal melanoma (UM 92–1) and retinoblastoma (Y79) cancer cell lines were aspirated using microneedles of different sizes with a vitrectomy set up, and cell viability was analysed. Suspensions of cancer cells with fluorescent microbeads were injected into the subretinal space of fresh ex vivo porcine eyes before simulating biopsy with microneedle retinal puncture, followed by imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and histology. Anterior chamber puncture was performed with microneedles and imaged with anterior segment OCT and examined for aqueous leakage.

We find that microneedles can aspirate ocular cancer cells, both retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma, in vitro and retain a high level of cell viability, 72.83% (49G) compared to 97.00% (25G vitrector) in UM 92–1. Using an ex vivo porcine model, we find that a 49G microneedle creates a self‐sealing retinal wound that does not reflux microbeads of 200 nm in diameter. Further, we find that anterior chamber puncture with a microneedle via a corneal paracentesis results in no evidence of an aqueous leak (0%) compared to a leakage rate of 100% and 66% when using a 30G and 34G needle, respectively.

A microinvasive approach to biopsy intraocular specimens is feasible, warranting further in vivo studies.