# Pupils' and teachers' experiences with implementing standing desks in secondary schools in Belgium

## TL;DR

This study explores how students and teachers in Belgian secondary schools experienced using standing desks, finding mixed results with some benefits and challenges like discomfort.

## Contribution

The study provides insights into the practical challenges and mixed outcomes of implementing standing desks in secondary schools.

## Key findings

- Pupils reported using standing desks for about 8.9 hours per week on average, but usage declined over time.
- Experiences varied: some pupils showed better concentration, while others felt discomfort and fatigue.
- Gradual increases in standing time and posture changes could improve desk acceptability and effectiveness.

## Abstract

Sedentary behaviour is associated with adverse health outcomes in adolescents, yet adolescents spend most of their day sedentary, particularly at school. Standing desks have been proposed to reduce sitting time, but implementation challenges remain. This pilot study evaluated the process of implementing standing desks in secondary schools.

A mixed-methods study was conducted from September to December 2020 in Flanders, Belgium, in three schools, each including one 7th- or 8th-grade class. Ten standing desks were used for 4–5 weeks in each class. Implementation was assessed retrospectively using pupil focus groups, teacher interviews, and pupil questionnaires. Qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Questionnaire data were analysed using descriptive statistics.

A convenience sample of 58 out of 68 pupils (mean age 13.0 ± 0.7 years, 44.8 % boys) completed the questionnaire. Pupils reported using the standing desks on average 8.9 ± 5.4 h/week, with qualitative data revealing a decline in use over time. Furthermore, experiences of using standing desks among pupils and teachers varied: some reported better concentration among pupils, while others mentioned discomfort, fatigue, and distractions.

Implementing standing desks resulted in mixed experiences among pupils and teachers. Future interventions should encourage gradual increases in standing time and frequent posture changes.

This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov in January 2020 (NCT04327414; released on March 11, 2020).

•Extensive standing desk use may cause perceived discomfort, fatigue and poor focus.•Gradually increasing standing time and posture changes may improve acceptability.•More comprehensive interventions are needed for sustained desk use in classrooms.

Extensive standing desk use may cause perceived discomfort, fatigue and poor focus.

Gradually increasing standing time and posture changes may improve acceptability.

More comprehensive interventions are needed for sustained desk use in classrooms.