# Fetal cardiac masses

## TL;DR

This article reviews fetal cardiac masses, focusing on their types, detection, and management, with an emphasis on imaging techniques.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive review of fetal cardiac masses, highlighting the importance of imaging in diagnosis and surveillance.

## Key findings

- Rhabdomyoma is the most common fetal cardiac mass, especially in tuberous sclerosis.
- Imaging plays a critical role in identifying complications and refining differential diagnoses.
- Fetal cardiac masses are predominantly benign, with fibroma, teratoma, and hemangioma being other common types.

## Abstract

Although rare in the pediatric population, cardiac tumors represent a significant portion of prenatally detected masses, second only to sacrococcygeal teratomas. Fetal cardiac masses are predominantly benign, with rhabdomyoma being the most common fetal cardiac mass in the setting of tuberous sclerosis. Multiple lesions are pathognomonic for rhabdomyomas and prompt evaluation for tuberous sclerosis. Fibroma, teratoma, and hemangioma are other consistently detected cardiac tumors. In this article, we review the epidemiology, imaging, treatment, and outcomes of these fetal cardiac masses, emphasizing the role of imaging in surveillance, identifying complications, refining the differential diagnosis, and recognizing potential diagnostic pitfalls.