# Sleep Related Movement Disorders: What's New and Changing Clinical Practice

## TL;DR

This review discusses recent developments in understanding and treating sleep-related movement disorders, particularly restless legs syndrome.

## Contribution

The paper highlights novel insights into RLS pathophysiology and treatment, along with new drug targets from genetics.

## Key findings

- New data on RLS pathophysiology and motor activity during sleep are influencing treatment approaches.
- Genetic insights are identifying new drug targets for RLS.
- The review covers other sleep-related movement disorders and their implications for clinical practice.

## Abstract

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor disorder, and the most common sleep‐related movement disorder with a prevalence of up to 15% in the European and US population. This review addresses key aspects of RLS, focusing on novel data that have or will likely have an impact on clinical practice. These include novel insights into pathophysiology and motor activity during sleep, with a key focus on implications for RLS treatment. Along this line, we discuss the problem of augmentation before introducing new treatment paradigms and insights into new drug targets from genetics. Besides RLS, restless sleep disorder, neck myoclonus, fragmentary myoclonus, propriospinal myoclonus at the wake–sleep transition, and facio‐mandibular myoclonus are discussed. This review provides an overview of the most recent insights into sleep‐related movement disorders, and of how they are changing clinical practice.