# To construct the norm of hand hygiene behavior scale for medical staff in tertiary general hospitals in China

## TL;DR

This study created a national hand hygiene behavior scale for medical staff in Chinese hospitals to assess and improve hygiene practices.

## Contribution

The study developed a standardized norm for the Hand Hygiene Behavior Questionnaire in China.

## Key findings

- Norms for the HHBQ-C were established using data from 2,793 medical staff across 12 provinces.
- Classification norms were based on factors like age, occupation, work pressure, and workload.
- Percentile norms and four score grades were defined to evaluate hand hygiene behavior.

## Abstract

This study aimed to construct a national norm for the Chinese version of the Hand Hygiene Behavior Questionnaire (HHBQ-C) among medical staff in tertiary general hospitals in China and to provide a basis for assessing the current status and influencing factors of hand hygiene practices among medical staff.

Using a stratified random sampling method, a total of 3,000 medical staff from 12 provinces across three regions of China, eastern, central, and western, were selected as research subjects between April 2023 and June 2023. Each region included four provinces. The General Information Questionnaire and the HHBQ-C were used to evaluate the medical staff. Norms for means, percentiles, demarcation, and classification were established.

A total of 2,793 medical staff were included in this study. Gender and age were used to establish the mean norms of the HHBQ-C. Based on the results of the single-factor analysis, classification norms were established by selecting the characteristics that showed significant differences, namely age, occupation, work pressure, and workload. Percentile norms were established at 5% intervals. The scores on the HHBQ-C were divided into four grades: low, medium, high, and very high.

The established national norms for the HHBQ-C in tertiary hospitals provide a solid basis for evaluating influencing factors and guiding targeted interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance and reduce HCAIs.