# Beyond Bacterial Causes: A Case of Recurrent Urinary and Vulvovaginal Symptoms Due to Enterobius vermicularis—Case Report

## TL;DR

A 7-year-old girl with recurring urinary and vulvovaginal symptoms was found to have a pinworm infection, not a bacterial or fungal infection, highlighting the need to consider parasites in such cases.

## Contribution

This case report highlights Enterobius vermicularis as a rare but important cause of recurrent urinary and vulvovaginal symptoms in children.

## Key findings

- A 7-year-old girl with persistent urinary and vulvovaginal symptoms was diagnosed with Enterobius vermicularis.
- The patient's symptoms resolved after treatment, despite prior antibiotic use and negative bacterial cultures.
- The case emphasizes the importance of considering parasitic infections in pediatric patients with recurrent symptoms.

## Abstract

Bacterial and fungal infections are recognized as prevalent etiological factors contributing to the symptoms associated with urinary tract infections and vulvovaginitis, respectively. This report presents a notable instance of a nonbacterial cause, specifically involving Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm). A 7-year-old female patient from a low socioeconomic background is reported, presenting with a 14-month history of recurrent urinary symptoms and vulvovaginitis. This clinical picture persists despite multiple courses of antibiotic therapy and negative urinary cultures. The diagnosis was established following meticulous urine collection, which demonstrated the presence of motile organisms identified as Enterobius vermicularis. The patient exhibited a favorable response to the administered treatment. This case highlights the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of recurrent urinary symptoms, especially in pediatric patients with inadequate hygiene and lower socioeconomic conditions.