# Perpendicular-anisotropy artificial spin ice with spontaneous ordering: a platform for reservoir computing with flexible timescales

## TL;DR

Researchers created nanomagnet arrays with perpendicular anisotropy that self-organize at room temperature, offering a new platform for computing with adjustable dynamics.

## Contribution

First demonstration of strongly coupled 2D out-of-plane Ising spin lattices with spontaneous ordering at room temperature.

## Key findings

- Nanomagnet arrays with perpendicular anisotropy spontaneously order at room temperature.
- System enables tunable temporal dynamics suitable for reservoir computing.
- Strong magnetostatic coupling opens new possibilities for artificial spin ice geometries.

## Abstract

Arrays of coupled nanomagnets have wide-ranging fundamental and practical applications in artificial spin ices, reservoir computing and spintronics. However, lacking in these fields are nanomagnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with sufficient magnetostatic interaction. This would not only open up unexplored possibilities for artificial spin ice geometries but also enable novel coupling methods for applications. Here, we demonstrate a method to engineer the energy landscape of artificial spin lattices with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. With this, we are able to realize for the first time strongly magnetostatically-coupled 2D lattices of out-of-plane Ising spins that spontaneously order at room temperature on timescales that can be precisely engineered. We show how this property, together with straightforward electrical interfacing, make this system a promising platform for reservoir computing. Our results open the way to investigate the thermodynamics of out-of-plane magnetostatically coupled nanomagnet arrays with novel spin ice geometries, as well as to exploit such nanomagnet arrays in unconventional computing, taking advantage of the adjustable temporal dynamics and strong coupling between nanomagnets.

Aleksandr Kurenkov and colleagues demonstrate nanomagnet arrays with out-of-plane anisotropy that spontaneously order at room temperature. This system offers a new platform for unconventional computing through tunable dynamics.