Allium hookeri root extract restores streptozotocin-induced pancreatic β-cells dysfunction in a type 1 diabetic rat model

TL;DR

This study shows that Allium hookeri root extract helps restore pancreatic β-cell function in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress and promoting cell regeneration.

Contribution

The study demonstrates AHRE's novel ability to restore β-cell function in a type 1 diabetes model through reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Findings

AHRE reduced hyperglycemia and insulin deficiency in diabetic rats.

AHRE lowered oxidative stress markers and β-cell apoptosis in pancreatic tissue.

AHRE restored β-cell regeneration-associated protein expression in impaired islets.

Abstract

Allium hookeri (AH), a traditional herb in Southeast Asia, has been documented for its significant health benefits in metabolic diseases. This study was to explore the effects of AH root extract (AHRE) on pancreatic β-cell regeneration in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

AHRE (100 mg/kg body weight) was administered daily to STZ-induced diabetic rats for 2 weeks. Serum glucose and insulin levels, total-cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and pancreatic peroxynitrite and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were measured. Protein expression associated with pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and regeneration was analyzed through Western blotting.

Diabetic rats exhibited hyperglycemia, insulin deficiency, increased levels of oxidative stress markers, and pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and impairment. AHRE treatment reduced hyperglycemia, insulin insufficiency, and oxidative stress, implying a reduction in pancreatic β-cell apoptosis and restoration of pancreatic β-cell regeneration-associated protein expression.

AHRE can facilitate β-cell regeneration in the impaired pancreatic islets through STZ by reducing oxidative stress markers and apoptosis in pancreatic tissue. Owing to pancreatic β-cells are susceptible to oxidative stress, the protective and enhancing effects of AHRE on the apoptosis and regeneration of these cells may be a significant mechanism for its hypoglycemic effect.

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