Ligand-free reductive amination via Pd-coated mechanocatalysis
Maximilian Wohlgemuth, Sarah Schmidt, Lars Beißel, Lars Borchardt
TL;DR
A new method for reductive amination uses mechanical milling with palladium to produce amines efficiently without needing a ligand.
Contribution
A sequential two-frequency milling protocol enables ligand-free reductive amination with high amine yields.
Findings
A sequential two-frequency milling protocol separates imine formation and hydrogenation.
Hydrophobic additives enhance reaction efficiency by excluding water.
The method achieves up to 88% amine yields and works with various substrates.
Abstract
Reductive amination under direct mechanocatalysis was enabled by a sequential two-frequency milling protocol, separating imine formation and hydrogenation. Strongly hydrophobic liquid additives accelerated the reaction by enhancing water exclusion. This approach allowed amine yields of up to 88% and was applicable to various aldehydes, ketones, and primary or secondary amines. Reductive amination under direct mechanocatalysis was enabled by a sequential two-frequency milling protocol, separating imine formation and hydrogenation.
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Taxonomy
TopicsChemical Synthesis and Analysis · Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Catalysis · Catalytic Cross-Coupling Reactions