Peroxodisulphuric acid synthesis in a flow electrolyser and its potential utilisation for black mass leaching
Aigerim Tazhibayeva, Altynai Tanash, Yaroslav Zhigalenok, Saken Abdimomyn, Seiilbek Malik, Kaiyrgali Zhumadil, Sergey Nechipurenko, Fyodor Malchik
TL;DR
This paper shows how to make peroxodisulphuric acid using an electrolyser and tests its use for recovering materials from old lithium-ion batteries.
Contribution
The study introduces a flow electrolyser for synthesizing peroxodisulphuric acid and explores its application in battery recycling.
Findings
Peroxodisulphuric acid was synthesized at 180 g L−1 with 1.5 Wh g−1 energy consumption.
The acid extracted nearly all lithium but only partially dissolved transition metals.
A three-step process is proposed to improve metal recovery using the acid.
Abstract
This study demonstrates the electrochemical synthesis of peroxodisulfuric acid (H2S2O8) in a coaxial flow-type electrolyser. It evaluates its potential as a leaching agent for the black mass from spent lithium-ion batteries. The optimised synthesis (conditions: flow rate, current density) achieved high concentrations of (H2S2O8) (≈180 g dm−3) at a specific energy consumption of nearly 1.5 Wh g−1. The leaching performance of H2S2O8 was compared with that of conventional systems, including aqua regia and 2 M H2SO4 + H2O2. While aqua regia completely dissolved the NMC phase, and the H2SO4/H2O2 mixture ensured nearly full transition metal leaching, H2S2O8 leaching resulted in only partial dissolution of Ni (≈61%), Co (≈61%), and Mn (≈5%). However, lithium was fully extracted (≈99.6%) due to dual dissolution from residual electrolyte salts and chemical deintercalation from the cathode…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdvanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Extraction and Separation Processes · Advancements in Battery Materials