Frontier advances in chimeric antigen receptor T cells and chimeric antigen receptor regulatory T cells therapies for autoimmune diseases

TL;DR

This paper reviews how CAR-T and CAR-Treg cell therapies can offer new, targeted treatments for autoimmune diseases by modifying immune cells to attack specific harmful cells.

Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and recent advances in CAR-T and CAR-Treg therapies for various autoimmune diseases.

Findings

CAR-T cells can be engineered to target and destroy specific cells involved in autoimmune diseases.

CAR-Treg cells offer a regulatory approach to modulate immune responses in autoimmune conditions.

The paper highlights the potential and safety of CAR-based therapies beyond CAR-T and CAR-Treg cells.

Abstract

自身免疫性疾病（AID）是一类由免疫系统错误地攻击自身组织而引起的疾病。然而现有免疫抑制治疗难以实现疾病的长期、无药物缓解，亟需更精准且长效的新型治疗策略。嵌合抗原受体T（CAR-T）细胞通过基因改造T细胞，能特异性识别并杀伤特定抗原表达的细胞，为AID的治疗提供了新的思路。本综述总结了CAR-T细胞及嵌合抗原受体调节性T细胞（CAR-Treg）治疗AID的免疫学机制，系统回顾了上述疗法治疗风湿性AID、免疫介导的神经系统AID及难治性自身免疫性溶血性贫血等多种AID的前沿进展。此外，我们还讨论了CAR-T / CAR-Treg细胞治疗AID的安全性，以及除CAR-T / CAR-Treg细胞之外其他可用于治疗AID的CAR细胞疗法。