# Cytotoxic Effects of “25.2% Boscalid + 12.8% Pyraclostrobin” Fungicide

## TL;DR

This study examines the toxic effects of a fungicide containing boscalid and pyraclostrobin on wheat and MDBK cells, finding significant growth and mitotic inhibition at higher concentrations.

## Contribution

The study provides new EC50 and mitotic index data for a specific fungicide blend on wheat and MDBK cells.

## Key findings

- The fungicide's EC50 value for root and stem growth inhibition in wheat was 2500 ppm.
- Higher concentrations (5000 ppm and above) significantly reduced mitotic activity in wheat.
- All concentrations showed cytotoxic effects on MDBK cells, with 10,000 ppm being the most toxic.

## Abstract

It is known that different pesticides used against domestic or agricultural pests have toxic effects. In this study, 25.2% boscalid and 12.8% pyraclostrobin were used in the test material. Kate A1 Russian wheat variety was used for Triticum growth inhibition tests. According to the Triticum root and stem growth test, the concentration value that halves the root and stem length is known as the “EC50 value” According to the test, the root length of the control group was 6.98 ± 0.65 cm and the length of the stem was 9.36 ± 0.71 cm. According to the Triticum test, the EC50 value of the fungicide was determined as 2500 ppm. The value that halves the stem length of the control group was determined as 1250 ppm. Some doses of this fungicide (625, 1250, 2500, 5000, and 10,000 ppm) were observed to inhibit root and stem growth, and these concentrations' results were statistically significant according to Dunnett's t‐test. In the root mitotic index analysis, 5000 cells were counted for each concentration, and it was determined that all concentrations tested had negative effects on mitotic activity. It was observed that the concentration of 10,000 ppm was the most decreasing (0.53 ± 0.18 cm) mitotic index %. The recommended dose of the tested fungicide in the fight against agricultural pests is around 500 ppm, and this indicates that the fungicide will have limited cytogenetic effects. The mitotic index test indicated that 2500 and upper concentrations had toxic effects on the mitotic index. The most toxic effect was in the 10,000 ppm treatment. The MTT test showed that all concentrations had a cytotoxic effect on MDBK cells. But 625 ppm concentration in all treatment periods and 1250 ppm 24‐h results were statistically no significant according to Dunnett's t‐test.

Approximately 25.2% boscalid and 12.8% pyraclostrobin fungicide is one of the pesticides that have been increasingly used in recent years to control pistachio, olive, and pomegranate pests. According to the Triticum test, EC50 value of fungicide was determined as 2500 ppm. Mitotic index test indicated that 2500 and upper concentrations had toxic effects on mitotis. MTT test showed that all concentrations had cytotoxic effect on MDBK cells.